Common names
Spotted Estuary Smoothhound Shark, Rig.
Binomial
Mustelus lenticulatus.
Synonyms
None.
Identification
A relatively large-bodied smoothhound shark. Snout fairly long with an acutely rounded tip. Upper labial furrows significantly longer than lower. Small, visible spiracle behind eye. First dorsal fin origin midway between pectoral fin insertion and free rear tip. Second dorsal fin much larger than anal fin. Dorsal fin posterior margins un-frayed. Pectoral and pelvic fins relatively large. Caudal fin broad, with a falcate lower caudal lobe.
Dorsal coloration greyish-brown to bronze. Dorsal surface above lateral line scattered with small white spots. A row of tightly spaced small white spots run along the lateral line from level with the first gill opening to base of tail. A curved row of small white spots runs posteriorly from the spiracle diagonally downward to the cheek. A few white spots on tail base. All fins sometimes dusky.
Size
Maximum length 135cm. Size at birth approximately 20-30cm.
Conservation Status
LEAST CONCERN
Mustelus lenticulatus is a targeted and retained bycatch component of demersal trawl, longline, and set net fisheries. Although it is fished commercially and recreationally, strict quotas are enforced. The population appears to be relatively robust and stable.
Habitat
A cold temperate water species inhabiting estuaries and muddy or sandy substrates on the continental shelf from the intertidal zone to 1000m, but usually found above 250m.
Distribution
The spotted estuary smoothhound shark is confined to coastal habitats and the continental slope around New Zealand.
Reproduction
A viviparous species with yolk-sac placenta. 2-37 pups per litter. Gestation is approximately 11 months.
Diet
Predates heavily on crustaceans, especially crabs.
Behavior
A schooling species. Schools segregate by size and sex. Groups of juveniles enter very shallow bays, hunting in the intertidal zone.
Reaction to divers
Quite shy when encountered while diving. Juveniles are easily approached on snorkel or while hand-camming at the shore line in shallow bays.
Diving logistics
Occasionally encountered by divers at numerous dive sites around New Zealand. Fiordland may be a particularly good spot to search on scuba.
During the summer months, juveniles are easily encountered right next to shore at Oriental Bay in Wellington Harbour.
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Similar species
The spotted estuary smoothhound shark is the only smoothhound inhabiting the coastal waters of New Zealand